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1.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; 90(4): 503-510, Oct.-Dec. 2020. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1152826

RESUMO

Resumen El síndrome cardiorrenal (SCR) es un trastorno en el que intervienen el corazón y los riñones, interactuando y produciendo una disfunción entre ellos en forma aguda o crónica. Existen diferentes fenotipos clínicos bien identificados como «desórdenes del corazón y riñón en los que la disfunción aguda o crónica en un órgano induce la disfunción aguda o crónica del otro¼. La alta incidencia de morbimortalidad cardiovascular presente en los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica terminal (ERCT), en especial la insuficiencia cardiaca (IC), origina inicialmente una lesión miocárdica que conlleva remodelamiento ventricular, lo cual induce a la activación de mecanismos compensadores, entre los cuales el riñón es pieza fundamental, ya que regula la homeostasis hidroelectrolítica y así el volumen circulante, siendo esto en la etapa dialítica más evidente. Los cambios funcionales y anatómicos cardiovasculares que se producen en estos pacientes son muy prevalentes e incluyen las interacciones hemodinámicas del corazón y los riñones en la insuficiencia cardiaca, y el impacto de la enfermedad aterosclerótica en ambos sistemas de órganos. También describimos estrategias diagnósticas y terapéuticas aplicables al síndrome cardiorrenal, que determinan la importancia de la ecocardiografía como modelo de diagnóstico útil. Finalmente, se analizan las posibilidades de tratamiento y la remisión de las alteraciones funcionales cardiacas con el trasplante renal en los pacientes con ERCT.


Abstract Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is a disorder in which the heart and kidneys are involved, interacting and producing a dysfunction between them in an acute or chronic way. There are different clinical phenotypes well identified as "heart and kidney disorders in which acute or chronic dysfunction in one organ induces acute or chronic dysfunction in the other". The high incidence of cardiovascular morbimortality in patients with chronic terminal kidney disease (CKD), especially heart failure (HF), initially causes a myocardial lesion that leads to ventricular remodeling, which induces the activation of compensatory mechanisms, among which the kidney is a fundamental part since it regulates the hydroelectrolytic homeostasis and thus the circulating volume, being this in the dialytic stage more evident. The functional and anatomical changes at cardiovascular level that occur in these patients are very prevalent, and include hemodynamic interactions of the heart and kidneys in heart failure and the impact of atherosclerotic disease in both organ systems. We also describe diagnostic and therapeutic strategies applicable to cardiorenal syndrome, which determine the importance of echocardiography as a useful diagnostic model. Finally, we analyze the possibilities of treatment and remission of cardiac functional alterations with renal transplantation in patients with T-CKD.


Assuntos
Humanos , Ecocardiografia , Síndrome Cardiorrenal/diagnóstico por imagem , Falência Renal Crônica/complicações , Transplante de Rim , Síndrome Cardiorrenal/fisiopatologia , Falência Renal Crônica/cirurgia , Falência Renal Crônica/diagnóstico por imagem
2.
Rev. urug. cardiol ; 33(1): 81-133, abr. 2018. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-903608

RESUMO

La presente revisión analiza los síndromes cardiorrenales tipo 1 y 2, que se desarrollan a partir de la afectación cardíaca, siendo el compromiso renal consecuencia de la misma, destacando la profunda interacción entre ambos órganos. Se estudian la epidemiología, la fisiopatología, los aspectos diagnósticos y los pilares del tratamiento de cada uno de ellos, considerando los diferentes ensayos clínicos que aportan la evidencia fundamental para el manejo de los pacientes. Se destacan los diversos factores involucrados en su génesis: hemodinámicos, inflamatorios, neurohumorales, iatrogénicos. Se aborda el cuestionamiento de su existencia como una entidad real, tal como se define y estudia actualmente, quedando planteada la necesidad de progresar en el conocimiento de sus aspectos diagnósticos y terapéuticos. Se destaca finalmente la importancia de desarrollar medidas preventivas del daño que pueda provocar un órgano sobre el otro y de los demás factores involucrados.


This review analyzes the cardio-renal syndromes type 1 and 2, which develop from cardiac involvement with renal involvement being a consequence of it, highlighting the strong interaction between both organs. The epidemiology, the pathophysiology, the diagnostic aspects, and the pillars of the treatment of each of them are studied, considering the different clinical trials that provide the evidence for their management. It highlights the various factors involved in its genesis: hemodynamic, inflammatory, neurohumoral and iatrogenic. The controversy of its existence as a real entity, as it is currently defined and studied, is addressed, and the need to progress in the knowledge of its diagnostic and therapeutic aspects is raised. Finally, the importance of developing preventive measures of damage that one organ may cause over the other and of the other involved factors, is highlighted.


Assuntos
Humanos , Síndrome Cardiorrenal , Síndrome Cardiorrenal/diagnóstico , Síndrome Cardiorrenal/fisiopatologia
3.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 30(2): 155-159, 2011. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-608741

RESUMO

Background: Heart failure constitutes a significant source of morbidity and mortality in the United States and its incidence and prevalence continue to grow, increasing its burden on the health care system. Renal dysfunction in patients with heart failure is common and has been associated with adverse clinical outcomes. This interaction, termed the cardiorenal syndrome, is a complex phenomenon characterized by a pathophysiological disequilibrium between the heart and the kidney, in which malfunction of one organ subsequently promotes the impairment of the other. Multiple neuro-humoral mechanisms are involved in this cardiorenal interaction, including the deficiency of and/or resistance to compensatory natriuretic peptides, leading to sodium retention, volume overload and organ remodeling. Management of patients with the cardiorenal syndrome can be challenging and should be individualized. Emerging therapies must address the function of both organs in order to secure better clinical outcomes. To this end, a multidisciplinary approach is recommended to achieve optimal results.


Assuntos
Humanos , Síndrome Cardiorrenal/fisiopatologia , Síndrome Cardiorrenal/terapia
4.
Rev. Méd. Clín. Condes ; 21(4): 602-612, jul. 2010. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-869504

RESUMO

El Síndrome Cardio Renal (SCR) en una entidad compleja y sólo recientemente reconocida, que está en plena fase de definición, estudio de su patogénesis y fisiopatología. El SCR fue primero descrito como el empeoramiento de la función renal en los pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca aguda o crónica descompensada, y reúne a internistas, cardiólogos, nefrólogos e intensivistas, siendo además un importante marcador pronóstico de la misma. Si bien la presencia de compromiso de la función renal es frecuente en los pacientes cardiópatas, especialmente en aquellos con insuficiencia cardiaca, no es menos frecuente el compromiso cardiovascular y miocárdico expresado como insuficiencia cardiaca (IC), en los pacientes con enfermedad renal terminal...


The Cardio-renal Syndrome (CRS) is a complex and a recently recognized entity, which is in full stage of definition, pathogenesis and pathophysiological study. The CRS was first described as a failure of the renal system in patients with Acute or Chronic Cardiac Deficiency not compensated, and it groups internists, cardiologists, nephrologists, and intensivists, being, moreover, an important marker prognosis. Although the presence of compromise of the kidney function is frequent in heart disease patients, especially in those with Cardiac Deficiency, it is not less common the cardiovascular and myocardial compromise, named as Cardiac Deficiency (CD), in patients with End-Stage Kidney Disease...


Assuntos
Humanos , Síndrome Cardiorrenal/diagnóstico , Síndrome Cardiorrenal/fisiopatologia , Síndrome Cardiorrenal/terapia , Síndrome Cardiorrenal/epidemiologia
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